VAc/nBA/AA共聚合乳液涂膜对苹果树抗寒性的研究

研究了 VAc/n BA/AA三元共聚合乳液的合成工艺 ,并进行了性能测试 ,将该乳液涂于果树表面 ,用电导法等测定乳液对果树的保水、御寒功能。结果表明 ,该乳液对果树具有明显的保水和御寒作用     

振动式农业土壤切削挖掘技术研究现状与展望

在土壤的耕作、深松、根茎类作物挖掘等作业过程中,普遍存在着挖掘切削阻力大、耗能高的问题。为了解决这些问题,国内外相关学者采用了多种方法和途径来改善土壤机具的切削挖掘阻力,振动式土壤切削挖掘方式也是一种重要的降低阻力的途径。为此,对国内外研究者在振动式农业土壤切削挖掘领域的理论和试验研究进行了阐述,分析了振动式挖掘方式的减阻机理,分别对强迫式和自激式两种振动方式下在农业土壤中典型的应用研究进行了综述,指出了相关研究的优点和不足,并对振动挖掘技术在土壤作业领域的前景进行了展望分析。     

水稻白叶枯病菌转录调控因子OxyRxoo对细菌抗氧化系统的调控作用

病原细菌对活性氧的降解是抗氧化和侵染中的重要毒性机制之一。阐述了水稻白叶枯病菌（Xanthomonas oryzaepv.oryzae）的转录调控因子OxyRxoo在病菌抗氧化系统中的调控作用,以及目前对OxyRxoo的研究进展。     

多效唑对大叶黄杨、金叶女贞、紫叶小檗的抗旱性影响研究

采取盆栽控水法,研究多效唑对大叶黄杨、金叶女贞、紫叶小檗等绿篱植物抗旱性影响,以期为节水管理提供依据。结果表明:在干旱条件下,3种绿篱植物应用适宜浓度的多效唑可不同程度的增强抗旱性。单就抗旱性而言,大叶黄杨的适宜浓度范围为1.33~9.33 g/L,最佳浓度为6.67 g/L;金叶女贞和紫叶小檗适宜浓度均为1.33~4.00 g/L,最佳浓度为2.67 g/L。     

低温胁迫对葡萄品种梅鹿辄和贝达活性氧代谢的影响

以抗寒性不同的2个葡萄品种梅鹿辄和贝达为材料,研究不同温度下其1年生枝条叶片的细胞膜相对透性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等抗氧化酶活性变化,并用组织化学定位方法检测氧自由基(O2·-)和H2O2水平,以期分析各指标与葡萄抗寒性之间的关系并了解其抗寒机制。结果表明,随温度降低,两个葡萄品种叶片的细胞膜相对透性、MDA、O2·-和H2O2含量显著升高,并且抗寒性弱的梅鹿辄增大幅度显著大于抗寒性强的贝达;贝达叶片中SOD、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随温度降低显著提高且POD和CAT活性增大幅度显著高于梅鹿辄。推测POD和CAT活性及O2·-和H2O2形成速度与葡萄品种的抗寒性关系密切。     

多因子联合诱导系统的构建及对黄瓜白粉病防治试验

由多个不同的抗病诱导因子组成植物抗病诱导系统的1个子系统。每个因子都是这个系统中的1个要素。系统的性质不但取决于系统中的要素,还取决于要素的结构。合理的配伍可以使要素与要素之间、要素与系统之间的关系得以优化,使系统的功能得以强化。把筛选得到的多个不同的抗病诱导因子进行配伍,组合成新的"诱导组合体",其诱导效应比单一因子显著提高;用不同的"诱导组合体"进行"相继诱导"和"循环诱导",则进一步提高诱导效应,对黄瓜白粉病的田间防治效果达到78.16%,高于常规杀菌剂的防治效果。     

Effect of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase on the response of guinea pig tracheas induced by peroxynitrite in vitro

AIM and METHODS: to elucidater the effect of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) on tracheal hyperreactivity of guinea - pig induced by peroxynitrite, the responses of guinea pig tracheas to histamine af- ter incubation with peroxynitrite in the absence and presence of 3 - aminobenzamide(3 - AB), a highly selective inhibitor for PARP, were observed in vitro. RESULTS: The exposure of tracheal strips to peroxynitrite led to epithelial damage and hyperreacitivity to histamine, both of which were reversed by 3 - AB(lmmol/L or 5mmol/L), whereas incubation of tracheal strips with 3 - AB(5mmol/L) had no effect on the reponses. CONCLUSION: PARP is involved in the epithelial damage and hyperreactivity of guinea - pig tracheas induced by peroxynitrite. The results suggested that inhibition of excessive activation of PARP may represent a novel strategy for the prevention and therapy of airway hyperreactivity in asthma.     

大豆种子抗劣变性的鉴定方法研究

以抗种子劣变性不同的５个栽培大豆和５个野生大豆品种为材料，比较了高温湿（相对湿度１００％，温度４０℃）条件下贮藏３天、７天、１０天和１４天及２０％的甲醇浸泡２小时等５种种子加速第化方法鉴定了种子抗劣变性的效果。结果表明，高温高湿老化７－１０天和２０％的甲醇浸泡２小时，可鉴定出大豆种子抗劣变性。     

CYP450 epoxygenase/EET pathway attenuates adipose inflammation of obese mice through HIF-1α

AIM To investigate the effects of cytochrome P450 （CYP450） epoxygenase/epoxyeicosatrienoic acid （EET） pathway on insulin resistance in obese mice， and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS High-fat diet-induced obesity model was established in C57BL/6Cnc mice， and the obese mice were randomly divided into 3 groups， including obesity group （treated with saline； n=10）， EET group （treated with 11，12-EET； n=10） and EET inhibitor 14，15-epoxyeicosa-5（Z）-enoic acid （EEZE） group （n=10）. Normal C57BL/6Cnc mice （n=10） treated with saline served as control. Protein expression of CYP2J2 （one of CYP450 epoxygenases） and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） was measured by Western blot. Vessel-like structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The serum levels of insulin， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In obese mice， homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） values were increased， the protein level of CYP2J2 was reduced， and the protein level of HIF-1α was increased in adipose tissues as compared with the controls （P<0.05）. The serum levels of MCP-1， IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α were also significantly increased in obese mice （P<0.05）. After treatment with 11， 12-EET， the HOMA-IR values were decreased compared with vehicle-treated obese mice， HIF-1α expression levels were decreased in the adipose tissue， and the serum levels of MCP-1， IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced （P<0.05）. Immunohistochemical results of adipose tissue from vehicle-treated obese mice showed a marked decrease in vessel-like structures （CD31-positive） compared with normal control mice （P<0.05）. EET treatment significantly increased the newly formed vessel-like structures in the visceral adipose tissues of obese mice as compared with vehicle-treated obese mice （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance are closely related to the CYP450 pathway. Exogenous EETs effectively decrease obesity-induced insulin resistance possibly through pro-angiogenesis and attenuation of hypoxia and inflammation.